Tuesday, 20th September, 2016
Well, after our relatively quiet day at the Israel Museum we spent a very full Tuesday making the journey to Masada, the hilltop palace of Herod the Great.
First up was the taxi ride to the Central Bus Station to catch the No 486. It was scheduled for 1030, arrived at 1030 and left at 1045 largely because most of the passengers decided to buy their tickets from the driver rather than the ticket office, a negotiation that seemed to involve an inordinate amount of discussion in many cases. Finally we were all aboard in air-conditioned comfort heading east towards the north end of the Dead Sea (near Qumran, where the Scrolls came from) and then south along the western side of it (ie the West Bank) and one hour and forty-five minutes later we arrived at our destination.
Now a bit of geography. Masada is amazing! It is a plateau (technically a horst), about 58 metres above sea level, which does not make it seem very high, unless of course you are standing beside the Dead Sea, whose surface is 429 metres below sea level, which makes it, well, er, 487 metres high! One other geographical or, at least, meteorological fact was that the temperature was about 40 to 42 degrees C – and that was in the shade, of which there was precious little!
First up, let me give you an idea of the setting.


Arid does not do justice! And don’t be fooled by the upper photo as the wide angle flattens it quite a bit. You can spot the path on the right (known as the Snake Path), which takes about an hour to climb and which was closed the day we were there due to extreme weather conditions!! Not that we were contemplating climbing it – you will also notice the cable car wires – much more sensible!
Now, you may well be wondering what we were doing here. Masada is more than a big rock in the Judean Desert, it was also the site of a magnificent palace and bolt-hole (in the event of the need to escape an uprising) for Herod the Great (of the Massacre of the Innocents infamy) who built 2 palaces there between 37 and 31 BC of which there is still much remaining to be seen. Masada is also very important to the Israelis as it was the site of a long siege during the Great Revolt by the Jews against the Romans between 66 and 73 or 74 AD. Jerusalem was destroyed by the Romans in 70 AD and some of the Jews fled to Masada followed by the X Legion (8,000 men) led by Flavius Silva who laid siege, building a wall and camps all the way around. The 900 or so Jews at the top had plenty of resources because of the water cisterns and food storage that Herod had put in, so the Romans were not going to starve them out. So, in true Roman fashion, they built a massive ramp (114 metres high) up the western side of the hill, hauled a huge siege tower with a battering ram up and set to on the wall. As they used captured Jews to do the hauling, the besieged decided not to kill a fellow Jew, so the end was inevitable. The account by the only historian to write about it (Josephus) is possibly at odds with the archaeological evidence as not many skeletal remains were found, but then they could have been removed. According to Josephus, the Jews, once it was obvious that the wall would fall, decided to die rather than suffer the humiliation of capture and slavery. They chose 10 of their number by lot to kill the other 900 or so, which they did. They then drew lots again to decide who would kill the other 9 and then himself.
The couple in the photos are Walter and Fernanda who we befriended on arrival and with whom we travelled around the site.
It was now time to head for phase two of our trip – a dip in the Dead Sea. What could be better after the scorching heat of Masada than a refreshing swim? Well, what indeed – but the Dead Sea is about bath water temperature, so it was never going to be all that refreshing. It did not get off to a good start. We had decided that the best spot was a beach at Kalya at the top end of the Sea and on the way back to Jerusalem. So we (with Walter and Fernanda) got on the bus and I said ‘Kalya’ to which the bus driver said ‘beach’. I, thinking he meant Kalya Beach (as opposed to Kalya Kibbutz), said yes, to which he said that we should get on the bus behind, which seemed odd, so Val and I disembarked, waving goodbye to our new friends and climbed on board the bus behind where once again I asked for Kalya. No, the bus does not go there! ??? To save a long story getting even longer, it probably was the case that the bus driver made the decision that we would not like the beach at Kalya and that we would be much better off at the swankier resort of Ein Bekok, further down the Dead Sea (and even further from Jerusalem!).
So we found ourselves at Ein Bekok, where there was a good public beach with changing rooms and showers (but don’t ask Val about the loos!) and seats and, of course, the Sea. Now, I am sure that you know something about the Dead Sea, but just in case the knowledge is a bit rusty, let me fill in a few facts. It is 429 metres below sea level making it the lowest place on Earth (on land). It is 300 metres deep but, due to farming extracting water from the River Jordan it is in danger of disappearing. It had a surface area of 1,050 sq kms in 1930, 680 in 1980 and 600 in 2014. It has sunk by about 39 metres in that time. It is about 31% salt, which means you do not swim in it (and don’t put your head underwater or go in if you gave any cuts or have just shaved your legs!) you simply float. Enjoy the photos..
I have to say it really is the strangest feeling. It is actually difficult to get your legs down when you want to stand up again. I would add that the water temperature must have been in the 30s, so it was not refreshing and the salt was really sticky. The showers helped, but we were still feeling less than our best as we made our way to where we thought the bus went from. We eventually found the bus stop, though it seemed closed as they were working on the road, but we were told we were in the right place. So, we waited….and waited…..and waited…..for an hour until I popped into one of the nearby hotels only to discover we had just missed the bus at 4.50 (I think we saw it leaving) and the next bus did not leave until 7.15! We crashed the Crowne Plaza Hotel, had a drink, enjoyed the air-con and a sit down, noted that at 6.30pm the outside temperature was 33C and eventually made it onto the bus, getting back to a decidedly bemused Claire at about 9.30pm! What a day……..






































